實用外交文牘（增訂本）

英文序　PERFACE

I have known the author of the present volume for close to twenty years, during which time I have learned to respect him not only as a serious student of international relations, but also as a man of uncompromising integrity.

After graduating from the National Tsinghua University in 1938, he served in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1939 to 1943 when he was appointed Vice Consul of the Chinese Consulate-General in Johannesburg, Union of South Africa. He resigned this post in 1945 to do graduate work first at the University of Wisconsin and later at Columbia University where he obtained his M. A. Degree in 1947.

Upon his return to china, he rejoined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, serving as Section Chief and later Deputy Director of the Information Department. From 1953 to 1962, he served as Counselor of the Chinese Embassy in Turkey, Counselor of the Chinese Embassy in the Philippines and Minister-Counselor of the Chinese Embassy in Greece. He is presently on home assignment in Taipei.

The present work is the result of many years’experience and painstaking effort on the part of the author It is highly recommended not only for those who are already in the diplomatic service of the government or who are seriously interested in serving the government field, but also those among the general reading public who are interested in the conduct of international affairs.

SAMUEL C. H. LING
1963

自序

本書字初版印行後，自己從未感到滿意，然仍得到各方許多的關切支持與鼓勵，尤其是曾在外交界服務或現正在外交界服務的許多長官朋友的熱烈支持，指導和切實建議，如曾任澳大利亞國大使──現調任駐日大使陳之邁先生就是其中之一，在我們好幾次的通信中他曾說過下面一段話。

「竊以為從事外交工作進一步之練習，為在文牘中用適當之語言將一件事說得清楚明白，既不宜過分渲染鋪張，慷慨激昂，有類政客競選之演說(此為大忌)，同時對於本國政府立場又說得絲毫不差，恰到好處，俾能收到說服對方之效果，此為外交文牘中最困難之一種，從事外交工作者自應在此特別用功」。他在另一次信中又說過「近年來外交文牘趨向簡化，繁文盡量減少，此一趨勢美國最為明顯」。這些話真是至理名言。

因為他的許多鼓勵與指點，我決定將原書加以增訂，當然我也參考了其他朋友的建議，結果我認為應將增訂範圍擴大為下面幾項：

一、    除保全原書著重示範性質的文牘格式外，並利用目前可能搜集而且業經發表過的一部份資料，如美國國務院自第二次世界大戰以來所編行的 Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers 中有關文牘，我在此書中選了幾篇用做示範。

二、    也有人建議文牘中應增補一部分中文的實例，使初習外交文牘者亦知中文措詞之美麗解簡潔，這個我也照辦了。

三、    為便利外籍人士購置此書時檢查容易起見，特將書中「目次」及有關部分加註英文說明。

四、    書末附錄一節增加兩部分資料：一為外交名詞選編，將重要外交名詞及關係名詞選集，逐項加以簡單而扼要之說明。一為外交上常用之尊稱。關於註釋若干外交名詞，我除參考目前可能找到的一些有關外交名詞書籍外，還翻閱了幾部國際法的書籍。

　講到外交上的措辭，有位曾經從次外交工作的學者發表了很多極有價值的意見，我想應該將其大意摘下來供大家參考。他說如果一位政治領袖或外交官通知另外一個政府，說他的政府 cannot remain indifferent to 某種國際爭執，這是明白表示他的政府將對這種爭執加以干涉。如果他說 His government views with concern 或者用 views with grave concern，這表示他的政府對此事將採取強硬措施。

若　類似這樣的警告不為對方所注意，他可使用另外一類詞句，如 In such an event, His Government would feel bound carefully to reconsider its position, 或 His Government feels obliged to formulate express reservations regarding…. 或 His Government will not allow…, 或責難對方某種行動 as an unfriendly act, 這些話充分表示兩國邦交將趨於惡化。

本書經過這般增訂後，我相信更有助於從事外交工作或研究外交這門學問的人員的參考和實用。最後我要在此鄭重的謝謝之邁先生，他對我這本書增訂版的關心和指點，使我特別感激。

劉振鵬 1966